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Term Definition
Backhoe. An excavating machine with a bucket rigidly attached to a hinged stick on a boom that is drawn toward the machine in operation.  
Backhoe/Loader. An excavation machine combining a bucket on a hinged stick on a boom on one end, and a bucket or scoop at the other.  
Backing Board. A gypsum board product designed for use as the first or base layer in a multilayer system; also called Backer Board.  
Backing Filler Material. Filler metal in the form of a ring, strip or consumable insert, fused in a single-welded joint.  
Backing Off. See Featheredging tile.  
Backing Ring. Backing in the form of a ring, generally used in the welding of piping.  
Backing Rod. A foam plastic rod inserted in a joint to be sealed, to regulate the depth of sealant.  
Backing Up. Constructing the inside section of a brick wall after the facing brick of the same wall has been laid header high.  
Backing. 1. Something forming a back. 2. The wood blocking behind plastering for supporting the load of lighting fixtures, cabinets, and hardware attached to a wall or ceiling. 3. Any material used as a base over which a finished material is to be installed. 4. See Plaster Base. 5. Material (metal, weld metal, asbestos, carbon, granular flux, etc.) backing up the joint during welding to facilitate obtaining a sound weld at the root. 6. The carpet foundation of jute, kraftcord, cotton, rayon, or polypropylene yarn that secures the pile yarns and provides stiffness, strength and dimensional stability. 7. The part of the wall behind the face brick.  
Backlog. Reserve of uncompleted work.  
Back-Mopping. Mopping the back or underside of roofing.  
Backnailing. In roofing, the practice of blind nailing (in addition to hot- mopping) all the plies to a substrate to prevent slippage on slopes of 1-1/2 inch or more for steep asphalt, 1/2 inch or more for coal-tar pitch and dead-level asphalt.  
Back-Plastering. Plaster applied to one face of a lath system following application and subsequent hardening of plaster applied to the opposite face; used primarily in construction of solid plaster partitions and certain exterior wall systems.  
Backset of a Hinge. The distance from the edge of the door to the hinge.  
Backset of a Lock. The distance from the centerline of a tubular door lock or cylinder to the edge of the door, measured on the high side of a beveled door.  
Backstep Sequence. A longitudinal sequence wherein the weld bead increments are deposited in the direction opposite to the progress of welding the joint.  
Backstop. To support or bolster.  
Backup Bar. A small rectangular strip of steel applied beneath a joint to provide a solid base for beginning a weld between two steel structural members.  
Backup Block. Concrete block which is used as a non-exposed structural wall and backs a finished surface to provide a complete wall system.  
Backup. That part of a masonry wall behind the exterior facing.  
Backwash Pipe. See Filter Waste Discharge Piping.  
Backwash. The process of cleaning the swimming pool filter by reversing the water flow.  
Bacteria. Microorganisms present in all water supplies including swimming pools; chlorine and other chemicals are used to keep these microorganisms under control.  
Bacteriacide. Any of a number of chemicals used to kill bacteria.  
Bad Debt. An uncollectable debt.  
Baffle. Plate or vane used to direct or control movement of fluid or air within a confined area.  
Bain-Marie. A kitchen utensil that has a hot water compartment under an upper compartment that keeps food warm; also called steam table.  
Bake Oven. A cooking device containing a chamber wherein food is baked by dry heat; a commercial or institutional oven.  
Bakelite. Trademark; any of various thermosetting resins or plastics made from formaldehyde and phenol.  
Baking Finishes. Baking at elevated temperatures improves certain types of coatings used on metal articles, such as automobiles and refrigerators; baking may be done in an oven, under infrared lamps or by induction heating according to the demands of shape, space and other requirements; the article that is coated must, of course, be able to withstand the temperature required for the proper baking of the finish.  

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