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Term Definition
Goose Neck. A blacksmiths tool used to handle hot metals.  
Gothic Arch. A pointed arch, with a joint at the apex rather than a keystone.  
Gothic. An architectural style of Western Europe of the 12-16th centuries featuring pointed arches, vertical piers, buttresses, and vaults.  
Gouge. 1. A chisel with a concave blade. 2. To overcharge.  
Grab Bar. Metal or plastic bar attached to a bathroom wall, above a bathtub, near a toilet, or in a shower, to be used as a hand hold. See Flash Set.  
Graben. A long, narrow trough bounded by one or more parallel normal faults; also called a Rift Valley.  
Grad. A metric unit of circular measurement; 400 grads equals a full circle equals 360 degrees.  
Gradall. A hydraulic, wheel-mounted backhoe often used with a wide bucket for dressing earth slopes.  
Gradation. The sizing of granular materials. for concrete materials, usually expressed in terms of cumulative percentages larger or smaller than each of a series of sieve openings or the percentages between certain ranges of sieve openings.  
Grade Beam Formwork. The system of support for freshly poured or placed concrete in a reinforced grade beam.  
Grade Beam Reinforcing. The placing of metal or steel bars in a concrete grade beam.  
Grade Beam. A reinforced concrete beam that transmits the load from a bearing wall into spaced foundations such as pile caps or caissons.  
Grade Mark. The stamp on lumber indicating its grade according to the rules of the lumber grading bureau that performed the inspection.  
Grade MW Brick. A grade of brick intended to be used for exterior wall surfaces where water permeability is not expected and only slight frost action; MW means moderate weather.  
Grade NW Brick. A grade of brick intended to be used for back up withes or interior exposure; NW means no weather.  
Grade Stake. A stake indicating the amount of cut or fill required to bring the ground to a specified level.  
Grade SW Brick. A grade of brick intended to be used for exterior wall surfaces and where water permeability and frost action may be expected; SW means severe weather.  
Grade. 1. The classification of lumber in regard to strength and utility in accordance with the rules of an approved lumber grading agency. 2. A gradient. 3. A predetermined degree of slope that a finished floor or ramped surface should have. 4. The horizontal ground level of a building or structure. 5. To level off to a smooth horizontal or sloping surface. 6. The slope or pitch, known as the fall, usually expressed in drainage piping as a fraction of an inch per foot. 7. The elevation of a real or planned surface or structure.  
Graded Sand. A mixture of sand in which the granules consist of fine, medium, and coarse sizes.  
Gradient. 1. A stretch of road or railway that slopes from the horizontal. 2. The amount of such a slope. 3. The rate of rise or fall of temperature or pressure in passing from one region to another.  
Grading. see Grade.  
Gradiometer. A geophysical instrument that measures the vertical component of the earths magnetic field; a very sensitive instrument, it can detect minor variations due to buried features.  
Grain Alcohol. Ethyl alcohol made from grain by distillation.  
Grain Raising. Causing short fibers on surface of bare wood to stand up by applying water; liquids that do not raise the grain are known as non-grain-raising.  
Grain. 1. The direction, size, arrangement, appearance, or quality of the fibers in wood or lumber. 2. The weight unit equal to 1/7000 pound; used in measuring atmospheric moisture content.  
Graining. simulating the grain of wood by using paint.  
Grainness. Roughness of a protective film resembling grains of sand.  
Gram Calorie. see Calorie, 1.  
Gram. A metric unit of mass and weight equal to 1/1000 of a kilogram and nearly equal to one cubic centimeter of water at its maximum density.  
Grand Master Key. A key that operates locks in several groups, each of which has its own master key.  

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