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Term Definition
Peeler. In gypsumboard, the clean separation of surfacing papers from the core; may be due to a variety of causes, most frequently, however, from surface calcination during the drying process or insufficient binder.  
Peeling. 1. Detachment of a paint film in relatively large pieces; paint applied to a damp or greasy, surface usually peels; sometimes it is due to moisture back of the painted surface. 2. A process in which thin flakes of matrix or mortar are broken away from concrete surface, caused by adherence of surface mortar to forms as forms are removed. 3. See Shivering.  
Peen. The working face of a hammer opposite the flat face, usually shaped for bending, shaping, or cutting the material being struck with the peen; see Cross Peen, Ball Peen, or Straight Peen Hammers.  
Peer Review. A quality improvement system consisting of having an architects or engineers professional work and office procres reviewed by a committee of peers.  
Pegboard. A board with holes in which pegs or fittings may be inserted to hang tools or objects.  
Pegged Flooring. Hardwood flooring with hardwood plugs set to hide recessed screws or to simulate screw covers.  
PEI. Porcelain Enamel Institute.  
Pein. Variant of peen.  
PEL. Permissible Exposure Limits; standards set by OSHA.  
Peltier Effect. When direct current is passed through two adjacent metals one junction will become cooler and the other will become warmer; this principle is the basis of thermoelectric refrigeration.  
Penal Sum. The face amount of a surety bond; this is the maximum amount of the suretys liability.  
Penalty and Bonus Clause. A contract provision that the contractor will pay a penalty for late completion and receive a bonus for timely or early completion.  
Penalty Clause. A clause in a construction contract by which a contractor is assessed with a monetary penalty, usually on a daily basis, for delay in the completion of a project.  
Penalty. A sum to be forfeited if a condition is not met.  
Pencil Rods. smooth mild steel reinforcing rods of 3/16, 1/4, or 3/8 inch diameter.  
Pendentive. One of the concave triangular segments that form the transition from the supporting columns to a dome above.  
Penetrating Stain Wax. Wood finish which produces color of penetrating stain with luster of wax.  
Penetrating Stain. stain made by dissolving oil-soluble dyes in oil or alcohol.  
Penetration. The consistency of a bituminous material expressed as the distance in tenths of a millimeter (0.1mm) that a standard needle penetrates vertically a sample of the material under specified conditions of loading, time, and temperature.  
Penetration Grading. Of asphalt cements, a classification system based on penetration in 0.1mm at 25° C (77° F); in this system, there are five standard paving grades, 40-50, 60-70, 85-100, 120-150 and 200-300.  
Penny. As applied to nails, it originally indicated the price per hundred; the term now serves as a measure of nail length and is abbreviated by the letter d.  
Pentaerythritol Resins. Resin made by reacting pentaerythritol, a high alcohol, with rosin.  
Pentagon. A five sided plane figure.  
Penthouse Louver. A louvered wall around the mechanical penthouse area of a structure, with fixed or movable flaps; this protects it from the elements and provides a visual screen around equipment.  
Penthouse. A top story of a building that is smaller than the story below it.  
People Competence. The aptitude for and fulfillment of necessary management of personnel to complete projects in a professional and timely manner.  
Per Diem. An allowance or payment for each day.  
Percentage Humidity. The degree of possible saturation of air with water vapor multiplied by 100.  
Percentage Lease. A lease in which the rental consideration is an agreed percentage of sales, usually with an expressed minimum rent.  
Percentage. A part of a whole expressed in hundredths.  

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